Hysterectomy for cervical cancer

What is a hysterectomy?

A hysterectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the uterus and, in some cases, other reproductive organs such as the cervix, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and surrounding tissues. For cervical cancer, a hysterectomy is a common treatment option, particularly when the cancer is detected in its early stages or when other treatments are not suitable.

 

Types of hysterectomy for cervical cancer

There are different types of hysterectomy, and the choice of procedure depends on the stage of the cancer and other individual factors:

 

Total (simple) hysterectomy

Some women with very early cervical cancer (stage 1A to 1A2) may have just the following removed:

  • the cervix
  • the womb (uterus)
  • the fallopian tubes

 

Radical hysterectomy

For more advanced cervical cancer (stages IB1 to IIA) where the cancer has spread beyond the cervix but is still within the pelvic area. Involves removal of:

  • the cervix
  • the womb (uterus)
  • all the tissues around the cervix
  • the fallopian tubes
  • the top part of the vagina
  • in some people, the ovaries
  • lymph nodes in the pelvic area may also be removed.

 

When is hysterectomy recommended?

A hysterectomy is recommended based on several factors, including:

  • Stage of the cancer: The extent and spread of the cancer will determine the type of hysterectomy needed.
  • Patient’s health and preferences: Overall health, age, and desire to preserve fertility (if possible) are important considerations.
  • Previous treatments: If other treatments, such as radiation or chemotherapy, have not been successful, a hysterectomy may be necessary.

 

How is a hysterectomy performed?

You have the operation while you are asleep (under general anaesthetic). Hysterectomy can be performed using different surgical approaches:

Abdominal hysterectomy

  • Method: An incision is made in the lower abdomen to remove the uterus and other necessary tissues.
  • Advantages: Provides a clear view and access to the pelvic organs, important for more extensive cancer removal.

 

Vaginal hysterectomy

  • Method: The uterus is removed through the vagina, avoiding an external abdominal incision.
  • Advantages: Shorter recovery time and less visible scarring, though not always suitable for all cases.

 

Laparoscopic or robotic-assisted hysterectomy

  • Method: Minimally invasive techniques using small incisions and specialized instruments. A camera guides the surgery.
  • Advantages: Quicker recovery, less postoperative pain, and minimal scarring. Robotic-assisted surgery offers enhanced precision.

 

Recovery after hysterectomy 

  • Hospital stay: Typically, a hospital stay of 1 to 4 days is required, depending on the type of surgery
  • Physical recovery: Full recovery can take 6 to 8 weeks. During this time, heavy lifting, strenuous activities, and sexual intercourse should be avoided to allow proper healing.
  • Post-operative care: Pain management, wound care, and monitoring for signs of infection are key aspects of recovery.

 

Risks and considerations

As with any major surgery, hysterectomy carries certain risks:

  • Bleeding and infection: These are common risks associated with surgery but can be managed with proper care.
  • Damage to surrounding organs: The bladder, bowel, or ureters may be at risk during surgery, though this is uncommon.
  • Emotional and psychological impact: The loss of the uterus can be emotionally challenging, especially for women who wish to preserve fertility. Psychological support is available to help you cope.

 

Fertility and menopause 

  • Fertility: A hysterectomy results in the permanent loss of fertility. For women who wish to have children in the future, alternative treatments that preserve the uterus may be considered, though these are not always possible.
  • Menopause: If the ovaries are removed during the hysterectomy (oophorectomy), you will enter menopause immediately, regardless of your age. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may be recommended to manage symptoms of menopause.

 

Follow-up care and monitoring

After a hysterectomy for cervical cancer, regular follow-up appointments are essential:

  • Monitoring for recurrence: Even after the uterus and cervix are removed, there is still a small risk of cancer recurrence. Your gynaecologist will monitor your health with regular check-ups and imaging as needed.
  • Managing side effects: Addressing any long-term effects of the surgery, such as changes in sexual function or menopausal symptoms, is an important part of post-treatment care.

 

Why choose Birmingham Gynaecology Clinic

At Birmingham Gynaecology Clinic, we are committed to providing comprehensive care and support throughout your treatment journey. Our team follows the latest guidelines to ensure that you receive the most effective and appropriate care for your individual needs

 

Contact us

If you have been diagnosed with cervical cancer and are considering a hysterectomy, or if you have questions about your treatment options, please contact Birmingham Gynaecology Clinic today. Our experienced team is here to provide expert care and guidance, helping you make informed decisions about your health.

 

 

Download
a fact sheet

Call us for a friendly telephone assessment

Call Now Button